- Keywords: German-Canadian, internment.
- Timeline: 1939-1945.
- Summary: Reporting statistics of German-Canadian internment during WWII, Keyserlingk notes: “Only one tenth the number of Germans and German Canadians was interred … Included in this smaller number were only fourteen women and no children at all” (p. 17).
Kobayashi, A. (1992). The Japanese-Canadian redress settlement and its implications for ‘race relations.’ Canadian Ethnic Studies, 24, 1, 1-19.
- Keywords: Japanese-Canadian, internment, exclusion, redress settlement, relations.
- Timeline: 1940s, 1990s.
- Summary: Reflecting on the Japanese-Canadian redress settlement, Kobayashi states: “If Japanese Canadians were uprooted in the 1940s because of their ‘race’, they were compensated in the 1980s in recognition of their rights” (p. 5). In considering the meaning of ethnicity/ethno-cultural identity, Kobayashi notes: “We disagree, however, in our conception of an ‘ethnocultural’ or ‘ethnic’ group. Almost no one claims that ‘ethnicity’ can be easily or objectively defined. Even the census, with all its putative objectivity, contains deeply embedded ideological assumptions about how ethnicity is manifest within the population” (p. 10). Kobayashi goes on to state: “I would argue, on the contrary, that because ethnicity is socially constructed, both as an analytical category and as a socio-cultural attribute, it is as much a product as a constituent of multiculturalism” (p. 10).
